Suchergebnisse

The purpose of the article is to find the best ways to resolve conflicts in the criminal law of Ukraine. Methods. Methodological tools are selected in accordance with the purpose, specifics of the object and subject of research. The main one is general dialectical method of scientific knowledge of real legal phenomena. Special research methods used in the study are: the method of systematic analysis, formal legal, interpretation of law, comparative law, modeling. The theoretical basis of the study is the latest scientific works in the chosen field of research. Results. As proved during the analysis of the legal literature, there is the following list of effective ways to resolve and prevent conflicts in law, which can be extrapolated to the field of criminal law: 1) unification of law; 2) harmonization of law; 3) approximation of law; 4) clear delineation of powers of public authorities; 5) monitoring of normative legal acts; 6) creation of model laws; 7) interpretation of law; 8) improvement of legislation. Conclusions. As a result of the study, it is proposed to apply different principles to overcome conflicts depending on their type (in particular, "a special law repeals a general law", "a later law cancels an earlier one", "the next general law does not cancel an earlier special law of similar legal force"). Types of "conflict rules" in the sources of criminal law are presented primarily depending on the specific type of such sources. Modern legislation, including criminal, contains virtually no rules aimed at overcoming intersectoral conflicts, but conflicts of law in various areas of Ukrainian law create significant problems in law enforcement.

This paper examines the situation on the labour market of Ukraine. The authors conducted the inherent structural and dynamic analysis of the key indicators, particularly: employment and unemployment level, the average time it takes to find a job, the availability of job vacancies, the number of registered unemployed (those registered by the State Employment Service), and the load per one (1) vacancy. The study revealed that in 2020, compared to 2019, the average number of employed among people aged 15–70 decreased by 663 thousand people and amounted to 15.9 million people. The employment rate decreased from 58.2% to 56.2%. At the same time, in 2020, compared to 2019, the number of unemployed persons in Ukraine increased by 186.5 thousand people. The author conducted an in-depth analysis of the aforementioned characteristics for 10 years, and the study for this period found that it takes job hunters an average of five to seven months to find a job. The lowest reported value of this indicator was observed in 2014 and 2019 (five months). As of May 1, 2020, the State Employment Service registered 53,099 vacancies, with the largest number of jobs recorded in the processing industry, and the smallest number in the financial and insurance activities. In 2021, compared to 2020, the number of people in Ukraine who were classified as unemployed decreased by 11.5%. The authors carried out a comparative analysis of certain indicators of the labour market looking at Ukraine in comparison with the European Union. The study found that in 2019 in the vast majority of EU member states the employment rate (for people aged 15 to 64) is higher than in Ukraine. Nevertheless, there areseveral exceptions, namely Greece (56.5%), Italy (59%) and Croatia (62.1%). ; В статье исследовано ситуацию на рынке труда Украины. Проведен структурно-динамический анализ основных показателей: уровня занятости и безработицы населения, средней продолжительности поиска работы, наличии вакансий и числа безработных, зарегистрированных в Государственной ...

The article analyzes the possible effects of propaganda and justifies the possibility of empirical evaluation of its effectiveness. There are described main trends in the depending of approving the principal Russian propaganda theses by different categories of the population of Ukraine, based on the results of recent studies of the Kiev International Institute of Sociology and Ukrainian Institite for Social Research named after O. Yaremenko. A critical analysis of measuring the effectiveness of propaganda methodics, identifying areas for further improvement are made.The article presents the analysis of the experience of Ukrainian sociologists connected with the research of Russian propaganda in Ukraine in the period from 2015 to 2018. The authors focus their attention on the theoretical approaches to the definition of propaganda, effects of propaganda and methodological possibilities of measuring it in empirical research. Relying on the latest statistical data, the authors determine the specificity of effectiveness of Russian propaganda in Ukraine and factors influencing its effectiveness. They also pay attention to the main difficulties of the study of propaganda.It is done the analysis of possible effects of propaganda, namely the group of general criteria (such criteria also include knowledge, beliefs, actions) and the group of specific criteria (psychological, cognitive, and behavioral effects). Based on the results of the latest researches of the Kiev International Institute of sociology and the Ukrainian Institite for Social Research named after O. Yaremenko, the authors pointed out the main trends of suportance the main points of Russian propaganda by different categories of the population of Ukraine, including the dependence on the region of residence, national and linguistic identification and level of the respondents' income. It is noted that there is an urgent need to strengthen the system of counteraction to the Russian propaganda (especially from the Ukrainian media, as well as public authorities). The article raises methodological problem of the possibility of studying the effectiveness of Russian propaganda in principle. Using the results of the discussion of the index of effectiveness of Russian propaganda (RRS), which was developed by the staff of the Kiev International Institute of Sociology in 2015, in the professional community of sociologists, the authors undertook a critical analysis of the methods of measuring the effectiveness of propaganda and the possibility of empirical evaluation of its effectiveness. As a result, it is identified areas for further improvement of the methodology of measuring the effectiveness of propaganda, namely: an increased study of the behavioral effects of propaganda, conducting regular measurements to allow comparisons, the development of comprehensive studies of the manifestations of the results of the propaganda of various methods (including psychological testing, involvement in the experiment several control groups, etc.).

The article investigates the essence of the concept of «intellectual migration». An important factor in the spread of intellectual migration is the global shortage of talent in the era of the knowledge economy. Related terms in the field of intellectual migration are analyzed: brain drain, brain growth, brain circulation, brain loss, brain return, brain replacement. Migrants can bring important knowledge to their destination country, as they often have additional skills and innovative ideas that help improve business processes and increase productivity. It is determined that economically developed countries are increasingly competing in attracting and retaining talented workers, in particular by adopting a more favorable migration policy for the best and brightest talents. To determine the relationship between the attractiveness of highly educated workers and economic growth, the basic indicator of estimating who is the gross national income per capita, the authors conducted a correlation analysis based on data from 20 OECD countries in 2019. The relationship between these indicators is close and direct: as the country's attractiveness for the arrival of highly skilled workers increases, the gross national income per capita increases.Economically developed countries contribute to the attraction of highly qualified migrants. At the same time, studies show that intellectual migration is caused more by «gravity» factors in host countries than by «push» factors from highly skilled labor donor countries. Therefore, to strengthen the competitiveness of their countries and economic prosperity, governments need to use various methods to stimulate the involvement of highly qualified migrants. The arrival of highly qualified migrants replenishes the intellectual capital of the recipient countries. ; В статье исследована сущность понятия «интеллектуальная миграция» и смежных терминов. Проанализировано влияние миграции высококвалифицированных работников на экономический рост страны.По результатам корреляционного анализа определено, что привлекательность страны для талантов существенно и сильно влияет ее на экономический рост. ; В статті досліджено сутність поняття «інтелектуальна міграція» та суміжних термінів. Проаналізовано вплив міграції висококваліфікованих працівників на економічне зростання країни. За результатами кореляційного аналізу визначено, що привабливість країни для талантів суттєво та сильно впливає її на економічне зростання.